Monday, December 30, 2013

December

I hope everyone had a good Christmas! Ours was fragmented but good. Kids beginning to scatter all over the map at this point in our lives. We did quite a bit of baking. My wife bought me a bread machine. I think she created a monster.

We did some holiday baking and hunkered down from the cold north wind for the most part. Crops are growing. Not as consistent a stand as I wanted, as the drill needs some more adjustment. The job is done and things are growing, however. We should have more than enough grain to cover our market in the coming summer.

Keeping an eye on grain prices. I expect the market to be softer this spring because of a better harvest last fall. Much of the corn in south Texas was far and away improved over last year. This will be good news for livestock producers who need a break in grain prices. The market will still be decent, I think.

Many people are of the mistaken belief that farmers do not estimate demand for their crops based on markets, but nothing could be further from the truth. If prices are not good for corn, we will plant another crop. Marginal land coming out of CRP has to be producing something, so, yes we will plant that. Hopefully, the farmer will keep the special problems with marginal land in mind  and adapts his practices to suit. Most of us do.

With that in mind, this is our first year to go 100% no till. That has been our goal for some time now. I do wish I had flattened some of the cultivated ridges before actually doing that, however. I suspect I will need to do so after the crops are done this summer.

The new year is coming. Nothing can stop it. I am going to do something I haven't since the last millennia. I am going to make a resolution. I am going to resolve to have more fun this year and spend more time with my wife.

I really hope to have a good 2014. We want to sell a lot of flour and corn meal this year! Maybe a few vegetables. The same for you and yours. Have a happy and prosperous new year!

Sunday, November 17, 2013

Soft Red Winter Wheat 2013

We raise soft red winter wheat offering a lower gluten alternative to supermarket flours normally made from hard red wheat. It is not a good yeast bread flour, but makes excellent flat bread, cakes pastries, muffins, biscuits and crackers. The largest U.S. export markets for soft red wheat are China, Egypt and Morocco.  Lower gluten does not mean gluten free or by any means "healthier" with respect to gluten intolerance or celiac disease.  Wheat flours are an excellent source of protein hence, their wide use in food stuffs throughout history. We have not aimed our market toward bread making. Biscuits, pies, cakes, muffins, dumplings breading and the like are more popular in southern culture.

Soft red wheat is widely grown  throughout the central US down as far south as Mississippi and is traded on the Chicago Board of Trade. Our acreage is divided between soft red wheat, cereal rye, cover crop mustard for seed and mixed cover crop that will be flail mowed in March when our signature White Eagle Corn will be no tilled into the mulch.

Drilling the crop takes place between September to mid November. October is the optimum time for most farmers. Below are videos from the planting of this years crop across the central U.S. and a little insight to wheat planting dates from our Canadian friends.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PvbMDD1vGpQ

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y9jOs4XVfvU

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8o8q4E0Fj2s

Auto pilot / GPS navigation is a nice option...

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SACMazS0soQ


Saturday, November 16, 2013

November

We barely made our planting window. Finally got the grain drill working. Because of that delay, and not wishing to risk capital I did not have on hand, I did not plant more acreage. For now we stick to the small farm business model until / unless FDA puts us out of business. That would be a sad day indeed. I have never in my 52 years on this earth, heard of any foodborne illness being caused by small farmers selling their crops in local markets or roadside stands. I have heard of plenty from large industrial farms and on the other side of our southern border. Much of it has occurred during transport from those distant locations. My advice, buy local while you can, Once we small farmers are out, then you will have no choice but to raise it yourself or buy the stuff from the supermarket.

Many people think, and say that there is no difference in quality between supermarket produce and locally grown. I disagree. Locally grown, you know the farmer. You know his agricultural practices. He / she knows you. You become like family. You know how the produce is handled. You know that it is fresh. You never have those assurances buying off a supermarket shelf.

I worry new FDA rules could destroy the CSA model. I do not prefer this model myself, as I have adequate capital of my own and do not need help from others to tend my crops. It is used extensively throughout the country, however, and supplies many people with safe, healthy locally grown food.

I see no choice but to make our farm larger. Milling grain into flour and meal for sale locally is a novelty thing. It is a survivalist thing as well. A family of four can survive ten years on the bread produced off one acre of wheat. Grain can be preserved and used over long periods and wheat can easily be produced from saved seeds, especially heirloom varieties. If the local sales avenue is closed, we will have no choice but to produce and sell into the world wide food distribution system.

On the flip side, there are volumes that have been written about why we should avoid grains, all grains, period. There is archeological evidence that the introduction of the agrarian diet about 10,000 years ago caused a huge increase in tooth decay, diabetes, and a plethora of other health problems. Celiac disease is just the tip of the iceberg.

The cultivation and milling of grains, however, enabled the expansion of our population, indeed enabled the rise of the specialist society, once the pursuit of food was no longer and issue. Agriculture gave rise to civilization.

This much I know. Our physical bodies will eventually die of something. That is a fact. We love and consume most all the land can produce. Whatever we were before the rise of agriculture, is long past. Whatever we will become because of it, is yet to be.

We do live in a wonderful but challenging time. Whatever diet you wish to follow, you can. Our food production system will provide it aplenty. Long or short, what you do with the life span agriculture has given you, is more important than the duration.

November sees our winter grains in the ground and growing. We will hunt hogs and deer off of it, there are plenty of them, and we will  make sausage from their flesh. In the summer we will harvest those crops and plant new ones. We will pause this month and offer thanks for what the land has provided.

Fall colors are everywhere. Geese are flying south. The days grow short. There is no better place to be, in my opinion, than on the farm.

Saturday, November 2, 2013

Late October Post

Didn't have an October post because, frankly, there was nothing to say. It was Peanut Festival time in Grapeland and we had a good one. Still a bit melancholy because the crop that founded the festival is long gone. Since there is enough depressing news in the world, I decided not to blog about it.

October is really the month I prefer to plant winter grains. This October I spent trying to restore my 1967 Allis Chalmers All Crop Drill. I did a less than satisfactory job on it, but I managed to save it from the scrapper and make it serviceable. It became a necessity because my local New Holland / AGCO dealer sold their rental Tye and Great Plains drills. My budget only allowed so much. I paid $500 for my 15x7 Allis, had to haul it back from Missouri, ($500) restore and paint it ($400).  I am not dissatisfied with it, but I could have bought a $2000 Brillion in state. I saved some cash but boy, did I have to work for it!

Dropping the seeder gang out and replacing frozen seed cups is no small thing. Getting it back in is even worse. I ended up replacing 2 seeders and building a third from spare parts. The bearings on the coulters need to be replaced next, but since I am only doing a few acres with it this year, I am going to blow that off till next summer. I really need to replace the hopper, make or have made sheet metal parts to replace those which time has really been hard on. Harbor Freight Tools, here I come!



I will finish reassembly next week. In the field planting a couple days after.

Wednesday, September 25, 2013

With or Without

Much discussion going on in Washington DC about too many things. Somewhere in all the fray is the Farm Bill, still entangled with the food stamp issue. I am not going to come down on either side of it on this blog. It does, however, affect planning.

Planning is essential, and low margin crops require careful planning. Private insurance is more expensive than Federal Crop Insurance, but if you are going to use it, your approach needs to be carefully screened. Your risk tolerance will be tested.

As well, the Food Safety Act, will begin to dictate what we can and cannot do, often in conflict with the National Organic Standard. We could end up raising animal feed.

We are at a crossroads. Do we continue to be a small scale organic grain and flour miller or do we go with the path of least resistance, farm more land, and sell crops to Cargill? We have a plan in place and an alternative or two.

The plan we continue to work is to remain small. It is our intent to grow to suit our market in the low to no gluten flour sector. (Is there such a sector?) We want to sell more rye flour and more grades of it. We cannot raise rice where we are, but we have sources for organic rice. Most other cereals we can raise with ease. We are not too cozy with amaranth, as we already have a wild amaranth infestation. Our neighbors would be very upset if we encouraged it.

On the other hand, it is growing in popularity and... it is a weed. A summer weed. We seem to have no trouble raising those.

In the meantime, the grain drill is waiting to be painted and reassembled. Rye four is selling slowly, but we knew that would be the case, We continue to build a local market. Hoping for wetter winter weather this year. The fall has started out well in that respect.

Saturday, August 17, 2013

Corn and Sunflower Pans for Conventional Reel Type Combine Heads

Every now and then I find something that gets me excited about farming. Perhaps a bit too excited at times. My current romance is with corn/sunflower pans.

For those of you not in the know, these pans work a lot like corn heads in that they channel the stalk into the combine, keeping it upright so that the ear is cut off and sent into the machine's threshing apparatus. In the case of the pan, the stalk is cut by the sickle and stalk and all is sent into the machine. Corn heads, on the other hand, channel the stalk into roller knives, that grip the stalk and pull it through stripper plates that then snap the ear off the stalk, sending just the ear into the threshing apparatus. This method produces much less trash material for the combine to sort out and has long been thought superior. Sunflowers, another tall stalk, crop are dealt with similarly.

In this age of rampant corn production and good prices for the crop, many growers are wanting to get in on the corn growing bandwagon but are not interested in the cost of a corn head for their machines. Good used heads can run between $100,000 to $180,000. This is just for a corn head. Not the combine. Obviously if you are running multiple machines, this is a serious capital investment. Pans, whether you build them yourself  or buy them, cost considerably less at $250 per pan or about $8000 to outfit a 16 row machine. Flexxfinger, a manufacture of crop lifters and pans did field tests that showed a 15% increase in harvested corn over corn heads due to less ear loss from ears tumbling out of the head. The pans retain the paddle wheel which catches errant ears and propels them into the machine. Row attenuation apparently, is meaningless as well.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p7RIWGlxYaE

I have seen these pans used on All Crop Combines for use in sunflowers. I am told results were satisfactory. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7siG3waypMU Small acreage farmers have to be creative in order to survive.

The drawbacks...

(1) Corn stalks, especially Bt tend to be hard on the sickle. This probably means you will spend time sharpening or replacing sickle parts.

(2) An Aussie farmer explained to me that though these pans work well, you need to run the cylinder about twice as fast as recommended to deal with the extra trash. In the case of All Crop combines, on which corn is hard on the rubber on rubber concave and cylinder bars this will be even a bit more rough. I am considering replacing the rubber with Teflon bar stock on my combine. We will see if it works.

I do not raise very much corn, so I am very reluctant to look into corn head or yet another harvesting machine in my already crowded barn. Also, the varieties I raise are heirlooms, the most modern of which is Reid's Yellow Dent.

Pans are worth considering. For now, I am sold on them.


Friday, July 26, 2013

Small Farm Grain Storage

I have been looking into grain storage solutions for small to medium sized farms. The day is long gone from our area where we had public storage for grains. The closest public elevator is in Navasota, Texas 102 miles away. Obviously, transportation costs would destroy any profit we might realize. If one wishes to take advantage of off season pricing, the best solution is some kind of on farm storage.

A 10,000 bushel grain bin will cost upwards of $32,000 to install. As look at larger bin capacities, the economy of scale becomes apparent, dropping costs to around 30 cents a bushel from $2 plus for smaller bins. A fixed grain bin will be exposed to property taxes as well.

This brings us to farmers like me who must lease land, often far from my base. Erecting storage bins on these properties is not an option. Grain Bagging, a concept that found its way to these shores about 10 years ago and now beginning to gain acceptance on a large scale, is an attractive option.

Grain Bagging is the storage of grain on well drained slightly sloping ground inside a giant plastic bag. The bags are 3 layer polyethylene tube 9 to 12 feet in diameter depending on the system, and up to 500 feet long. They are air tight and moisture proof. It is an excellent short term storage solution. They require fewer machines and personnel and eliminates trips to the elevator. With a bagger and un-loader a farmer  can store his grain in the field where he harvested, sell the grain in the off season when commodity prices are stronger, and load the buyers trucks from his field saving transport and storage costs. He would not have to postpone harvest for available storage space or trucking availability. The grain bags are not fixed structures, so he would not be taxed.

Most of these machines include a bag pickup system that rolls the used bag up for easy disposal or recycling. The bags are not, however, reusable as the un-loader cuts the bag open as it unloads the grain. Tractor requirements for the larger systems are high, 100 horsepower. Renn markets a unit that uses a 10 foot diameter bag and requires 50 horsepower which makes it ideal for a small to medium sized operation. The bags cost from $1100 for smaller 250 foot bag to $2500 for a large 500 foot bag.  The savings, in most cases, work out well. You would have to pencil it out for your particular operation. There is a danger of the bags getting ripped open by wildlife or vandals and what I hear there is no fool proof method to keep them out once they discover what is in them. All you can do is harden the target.

If you can harvest and store the grain on site, buying time to sell the crop, having transportation then paid by the buyer, you most likely will come out ahead. If we go with this type of system, that would be our plan.

Plenty to think about over the next month or two. I suspect we will continue to operate on a smaller scale for the time being. We may never become that kind of farm. I am not sure that I want to at this point.